Tumor immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer progression

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer type and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths.
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The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) significantly influences NSCLC progression, immune evasion, and resistance to therapy.
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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit phenotypic plasticity, shifting between tumor-suppressive and tumor-supportive roles.
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Neutrophils in the TIME can polarize into anti-tumor or pro-tumor phenotypes, impacting NSCLC dynamics.
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Understanding the interplay between immune cells and tumor cells can inform strategies for optimizing immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Frontiers In Immunology

by Jie Jiang, Mingqiang Zhong, Jian Wang, Zhiya Zhang, Wenqiang Li, Zhiping Deng
May 18, 2026

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