Side Effects: When the Obvious Call Is the Wrong One

Dialysis, nicotine, caffeine, and tattoos — four studies that quietly rearrange what good clinical instinct looks like.

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Early initiation of dialysis in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury shows no mortality benefit and increases complications.
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Delayed dialysis may allow kidneys to recover, as nearly half of patients in delayed arms of trials did not require dialysis.
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Paternal nicotine exposure in male mice affects offspring's glucose metabolism, indicating potential epigenetic effects before conception.
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Pre-workout supplement use among adolescents correlates with significantly reduced sleep duration, impacting overall health.
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Tattooed individuals show higher levels of maladaptive personality traits, with body coverage correlating more strongly than tattoo count.

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