Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma in Advanced HIV With Flame-Like Opacities on Chest CT
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October 6, 2026
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1
A 61-year-old man with advanced HIV, progressive dyspnea, productive cough, and violaceous skin lesions was ultimately diagnosed with pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma.
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Chest CT showed bilateral, asymmetric, flame-shaped nodular opacities along the peri-bronchovascular regions, predominantly on the left.
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The initial scant left lung core biopsy suggested adenocarcinoma but was inconsistent with the clinical and radiographic findings.
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Repeat CT-guided samples from the left lower lobe and lingula showed spindle-cell vascular proliferation and human herpesvirus 8 latent nuclear antigen-1 positivity, confirming Kaposi sarcoma.
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The case authors recommend repeat tissue sampling with human herpesvirus 8 immunohistochemistry when pathology conflicts with compelling clinical and imaging findings.
Based on findings from:
Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma Presenting With Flame-Shaped Computed Tomography Opacities in Advanced HIV
Annals Of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases, 2026.
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2026.0557
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