Exploring Mucosal Immune Mechanisms and Targeted Microbiota Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis through Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) aims to restore dysbiotic gut ecosystems and microbiota–host homeostasis in ulcerative colitis (UC).
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Mechanistic studies suggest FMT may enhance epithelial barrier integrity and regulate mucosal immunity in patients with UC.
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Randomized controlled trials indicate FMT can induce clinical and endoscopic remission in selected UC patients, particularly via lower gastrointestinal administration.
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Current guidelines do not recommend routine FMT for UC outside clinical trials due to heterogeneity and low certainty of evidence.
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Personalized strategies, including donor–recipient matching and dietary modulation, may improve FMT response and safety but require further validation.

Frontiers In Immunology

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