-
1
Over 24 months after sleeve gastrectomy, body weight and fat mass decreased, while fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and phase angle changed on potentially different timelines.
-
2
Phase angle is not a direct surrogate for nutritional status, cellular integrity, or muscle quality, and its partial recovery does not establish delayed physiological recovery.
-
3
Evidence that muscle quantity, relative muscle mass, and physical performance can change differently supports investigating whether body-composition remodeling aligns with functional recovery.
-
4
Current studies do not establish that post-bariatric body-composition trajectories predict readiness for or outcomes after subsequent elective surgery.
-
5
Research combining longitudinal body composition with functional, nutritional, and perioperative outcomes is needed; no validated body-composition threshold or optimal timing for later elective surger
