-
1
Music significantly influences heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting its effects on autonomic nervous system balance.
-
2
Fast-tempo music increases HR and sympathetic activation, while slow-tempo music promotes parasympathetic dominance and HR reduction.
-
3
Music interventions can enhance psychological well-being and adherence in cardiac rehabilitation, reducing HR and anxiety in patients.
-
4
In intensive care settings, music has been shown to lower HR, respiratory rate, and anxiety levels, improving patient comfort.
-
5
Music may serve as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pain and anxiety, thereby lowering sympathetic activity in emergency situations.
