Airway Resistome Higher In Chronic Lung Disease

Recent antibiotic exposure was linked to greater antimicrobial resistance gene burden in bronchoscopy samples of patients with chronic lung disease.

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Patients with chronic lung disease have a higher prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in the lower airway microbiome than healthy controls.
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The study found the highest resistance gene prevalence in patients with sarcoidosis (65%) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (83%).
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Recent antibiotic exposure significantly increased the burden of antimicrobial resistance genes in participants prior to bronchoscopy.
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Multivariable analyses indicated that patients with sarcoidosis and IPF had 3.5 and 6.4 higher odds of harboring resistance genes, respectively.
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The study's limitations included its cross-sectional design and small sample sizes, which hindered causal interpretations and subgroup analyses.

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