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IFITM1 and CTSS may help identify Sjögren’s dry eye
Investigators identified 2 histamine-related genes associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca and found that suppressing either gene reduced inflammatory injury in corneal epithelial cells.
Researchers analyzed 2 public gene expression datasets to identify histamine-related genes associated with Sjögren’s syndrome and keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
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IFITM1 and CTSS were selected by 2 machine learning algorithms, and each had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve greater than 0.90 for distinguishing KCS from controls.
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A diagnostic nomogram combining IFITM1 and CTSS had an area under the curve of 1.00 in the training dataset, but requires validation in larger, independent cohorts.
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In cultured corneal epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress, suppression of either gene improved cell viability and reduced interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α expression.
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The study’s small KCS cohort, cross-sectional dataset comparison, and cell-culture experiments limit conclusions; independent clinical and mechanistic validation is needed.
Background music and multimedia exposure were associated with lower patient-reported anxiety in a quasi-experimental ophthalmology clinic study that used existing clinic audiovisual infrastructure at no additional cost.
