One-carbon metabolism in cancer immunity: T-cell fitness, epigenetic programming, and therapeutic opportunities

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One-carbon metabolism regulates nutrient competition and T-cell functional state, influencing antitumor immunity.
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Tumor-intrinsic one-carbon pathways promote immune escape by regulating checkpoints and suppressing innate immune responses.
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Methionine, serine, formate, and methyl-donor metabolism can be therapeutically modulated to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
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One-carbon metabolism supports T-cell activation by providing substrates for nucleotide synthesis and maintaining methyl-donor pools.
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The interplay of one-carbon metabolism in tumor and immune cells shapes the tumor microenvironment and immune responses.

Frontiers In Immunology

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