ASQ-3 developmental outcomes at six months in a Bulgarian infant cohort: a cross-cultural comparison with U.S. norms - Takeaways - MDSpire

Developmental Outcomes at Six Months in Bulgarian Infants: A Cross-Cultural Analysis Against U.S. Norms Using the ASQ-3

  • By

  • Tatyana Itova

  • July 20, 2026

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  • 1

    The study assessed 155 Bulgarian infants at six months using the ASQ-3 to compare developmental outcomes with U.S. norms.

  • 2

    Statistically significant differences were found in Gross Motor and Problem Solving domains, but effect sizes were small.

  • 3

    Infants with birth weight <2,500 g showed moderate-to-large effects in multiple developmental domains, particularly Gross Motor.

  • 4

    Gestational age differences were not clinically meaningful after correction for age, and a small female advantage was noted in Communication.

  • 5

    The findings suggest high cross-cultural similarity in developmental outcomes, with biological risk factors having a stronger influence than cultural context.

Original Source(s)

ASQ-3 developmental outcomes at six months in a Bulgarian infant cohort: a cross-cultural comparison with U.S. norms

  • by Tatyana Itova

  • July 20, 2026

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