Severe neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder induced by pucotenlimab: a case report and literature review

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Pucotenlimab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, can trigger severe neurological immune-related adverse events (N-irAEs) in cancer patients.
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A 56-year-old woman developed anti-aquaporin 4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder after treatment with pucotenlimab.
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Despite high-dose methylprednisolone and plasma exchange therapy, the patient's neurological condition deteriorated, leading to multiple organ dysfunction.
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N-irAEs have a higher mortality rate than other immune-related adverse events, complicating their diagnosis and management.
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Timely identification and intervention for high-grade N-irAEs are crucial for potentially improving patient prognosis.

Frontiers In Immunology

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