Complete radiographic response to immunotherapy in a patient with metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer – a case report and review of the literature

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A 76-year-old female with anaplastic thyroid cancer underwent total thyroidectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy after non-radical surgery.
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The patient experienced rapid disease progression with lung metastases and significant pulmonary insufficiency three months post-treatment.
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Due to high PD-L1 expression, the patient received off-label nivolumab monotherapy, resulting in a remarkable radiographic and clinical response.
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The patient achieved 12 months of progression-free survival and 18 months of overall survival following immunotherapy.
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The case highlights the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating metastatic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with high PD-L1 expression.

Frontiers In Oncology

by Monika Mierzejewska, Lin Akily, William Karlsen, Jacek Teodorczyk, Bartłomiej Tomasik, Jacek Rutkowski, Piotr Wiśniewski, Maciej Śledziński, Karolina Markiet, Jolanta Szade, Renata Zaucha, Wojciech Cytawa
June 2, 2026

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