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1
The 23 included studies used different definitions of weaning failure, including SBT failure, postextubation reintubation, NIV, high-flow nasal oxygen, or death.
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2
These outcomes are not biologically equivalent, and combining them may distort associations between ultrasound parameters and weaning failure.
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3
Because studies required binary outcomes, pooled estimates cannot distinguish easy, difficult, and prolonged weaning or support WIND-stratified analysis.
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4
DCV was assessed in 4 cohorts and D-RSBI in 8, limiting power to detect associations in meta-regression.
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5
The authors included weaning-failure definition as a meta-regression covariate, but did not conduct subgroup or sensitivity analyses by reference-standard type.
