Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cellular therapies for autoimmune diseases: overview and future considerations from the Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)

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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is increasingly used for severe autoimmune diseases, aiming for remission by reconstituting a tolerant immune system.
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Multiple sclerosis and systemic sclerosis account for approximately 80% of HSCT procedures performed for autoimmune diseases.
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The EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party maintains the largest global registry for HSCT in autoimmune diseases, reporting over 3700 transplants.
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Autologous HSCT has shown improved outcomes over the years, influenced by center experience, accreditation, and economic factors.
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The conditioning regimen for HSCT varies by disease and patient, with a focus on treatment intensity to minimize risks and improve recovery.

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