Immune dysfunction prior to and during vaccination in multiple myeloma: a case study based on COVID-19

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Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) face a 7-fold increased risk of infections compared to matched controls, especially during treatment.
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41% of relapsed/refractory MM patients treated with BCMA-targeted therapies experienced severe infections, highlighting the risk of hypogammaglobulinemia.
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COVID-19 caused higher mortality in MM patients, with a 50% increase compared to those without cancer, despite vaccines reducing disease severity.
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Immune profiling revealed significant alterations in 73% of immune subsets in MM patients, particularly in B-cell and T-cell compartments.
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The study suggests individualized vaccination strategies based on immune profiling could enhance vaccine efficacy in MM patients.

Blood Cancer Journal

by Esperanza Martín-Sánchez, Luis-Esteban Tamariz-Amador, Camila Guerrero, Anastasiia Zherniakova, Aintzane Zabaleta, Catarina Maia, Laura Blanco, Diego Alignani, Maria-Antonia Fortuño, Carlos Grande, Andrea Manubens, Jose-Maria Arguiñano, Clara Gomez, Ernesto Perez-Persona, Iñigo Olazabal, Itziar Oiartzabal, Carlos Panizo, Felipe Prosper, Jesus F. San-Miguel, Paula Rodriguez-Otero, Bruno Paiva
July 10, 2024

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