Strategies to promote liver fibrosis amelioration with involvement of restorative macrophages

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Liver fibrosis is a dynamic and potentially reversible process influenced by macrophages, which play a central role in both fibrogenesis and fibrosis resolution.
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Macrophage reprogramming is proposed as a therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis, utilizing various interventions to promote restorative macrophage phenotypes.
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Key signaling pathways, including NF-κB and PPARs, govern macrophage function and fate, highlighting the complexity of their roles in liver fibrosis.
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Emerging clinical data suggest that effective antifibrotic strategies require coordinated modulation of macrophages alongside other hepatic cell populations.
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The heterogeneity of liver macrophages challenges traditional binary classifications, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of their roles in fibrosis.

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