Case Report: Beyond conventional diagnostics: mNGS support in a complex immunocompromised patient diagnosis

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Next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) allows for unbiased pathogen detection in immunocompromised patients, overcoming limitations of standard diagnostic methods.
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A case study highlighted the effectiveness of mNGS in diagnosing a complex infection that conventional microbiological tests could not identify.
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The patient presented with severe skin lesions and rapidly progressed to pneumonia and respiratory failure, ultimately leading to death.
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mNGS revealed diverse pathogens, including Fusarium pseudograminearum and Mycobacterium canettii, despite negative conventional tests for Mycobacterium species.
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Early application of mNGS could enhance diagnostic precision and improve treatment decisions in critically ill immunocompromised patients.

Frontiers In Medicine

by Rossana Scutari, Valeria Fox, Martina Mastropaolo, Vanessa Fini, Marco Mussa, Paolo Bigliano, Luna Colagrossi, Gianluca Vrenna, Andrea Perinzano, Silvia Scabini, Carlo Federico Perno, Andrea Calcagno
May 5, 2026

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