LYN Gene Mutations in Breast Cancer: Insights into Their Potential Link with Central Nervous System Metastasis and Domain-Specific Mechanisms

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Breast cancer significantly contributes to cancer morbidity and mortality, particularly through central nervous system (CNS) metastasis.
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LYN, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in signaling pathways that influence cell motility, invasion, and survival in breast cancer.
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Alterations in LYN expression and mutations may promote CNS tropism in breast cancer by affecting intravasation, survival, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) transmigration.
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Most LYN mutations in breast cancer are rare and heterogeneous, with uncertain oncogenicity and no established clinical actionability.
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Current clinical strategies for targeting LYN in breast cancer are limited, emphasizing the need for biomarker-guided approaches rather than broad-spectrum therapies.

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