Association of age at menopause with cardiovascular disease and mortality:insights from NHANES and a clinical cohort

1

Early menopause, defined as menopause before age 40, is linked to higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and increased mortality risks.
2

Each one-year decrease in age at menopause correlates with a 3-4% increase in cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality.
3

Mediation analysis identified total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, hypertension, and glycated hemoglobin as partial mediators of the association.
4

The study utilized data from NHANES and included 8,764 natural postmenopausal women for analysis of cardiovascular outcomes.
5

Findings were supported by a hospital-based cohort study, reinforcing the adverse cardiovascular impacts of early menopause.

Frontiers In Cardiovascular Medicine

by Xinmiao Hong, Linxi Jin, Guoli Shang, Qiwei Chen, Zhuang Han, Shuhong Yao, Zhita Wang, Liang Li, Weidong He, Xianpei Heng, Liuqing Yang
June 23, 2026

1