Histopathological biomarkers of immunotherapy outcome in advanced colorectal cancer: a multicentre retrospective study

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The study analyzed 210 patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors from January 2021 to June 2025.
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High standardized stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) were linked to a significantly higher objective response rate compared to low sTILs.
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Patients with low tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) exhibited longer median progression-free survival than those with high TSR.
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In the proficient mismatch repair subgroup, high sTILs combined with low TSR identified an immune-active phenotype with improved response rates.
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The study highlights the potential of routine histopathological features as cost-effective biomarkers for stratifying immunotherapy outcomes in advanced colorectal cancer.

Frontiers In Oncology

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